The Oracle password file ownership and permissions should be limited and the REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE parameter must be set to EXCLUSIVE or NONE.

Overview

Finding ID	Version	Rule ID	IA Controls	Severity
V-219833	O121-BP-022200	SV-219833r533040_rule		Medium

Description
It is critically important to the security of your system that you protect your password file and the environment variables that identify the location of the password file. Any user with access to these could potentially compromise the security of the connection. The REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE setting of "NONE" disallows remote administration of the database. The REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE setting of "EXCLUSIVE" allows for auditing of individual DBA logons to the SYS account. If not set to "EXCLUSIVE", remote connections to the database as "internal" or "as SYSDBA" are not logged to an individual account.

Description

It is critically important to the security of your system that you protect your password file and the environment variables that identify the location of the password file. Any user with access to these could potentially compromise the security of the connection. The REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE setting of "NONE" disallows remote administration of the database. The REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE setting of "EXCLUSIVE" allows for auditing of individual DBA logons to the SYS account. If not set to "EXCLUSIVE", remote connections to the database as "internal" or "as SYSDBA" are not logged to an individual account.

STIG	Date
Oracle Database 12c Security Technical Implementation Guide	2022-11-29

Details

Check Text ( C-21544r533038_chk )
From SQL*Plus: select value from v$parameter where upper(name) = 'REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE'; If the value returned does not equal 'EXCLUSIVE' or 'NONE', this is a finding. On UNIX Systems: ls -ld $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw${ORACLE_SID} Substitute ${ORACLE_SID} with the name of the ORACLE_SID for the database. If permissions are granted for world access, this is a finding. On Windows Systems (From Windows Explorer): Browse to the %ORACLE_HOME\database\directory. Select and right-click on the PWD%ORACLE_SID%.ora file, select Properties, select the Security tab. Substitute %ORACLE_SID% with the name of the ORACLE_SID for the database. If permissions are granted to everyone, this is a finding. If any account other than the DBMS software installation account is listed, this is a finding.

Check Text ( C-21544r533038_chk )

From SQL*Plus:

select value from v$parameter where upper(name) = 'REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE';

If the value returned does not equal 'EXCLUSIVE' or 'NONE', this is a finding.

On UNIX Systems:

ls -ld $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw${ORACLE_SID}

Substitute ${ORACLE_SID} with the name of the ORACLE_SID for the database.

If permissions are granted for world access, this is a finding.

On Windows Systems (From Windows Explorer):

Browse to the %ORACLE_HOME\database\directory.

Select and right-click on the PWD%ORACLE_SID%.ora file, select Properties, select the Security tab.
Substitute %ORACLE_SID% with the name of the ORACLE_SID for the database.

If permissions are granted to everyone, this is a finding.
If any account other than the DBMS software installation account is listed, this is a finding.

Fix Text (F-21543r533039_fix)
Disable use of the REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE where remote administration is not authorized by specifying a value of NONE. If authorized, restrict use of a password file to exclusive use by each database by specifying a value of EXCLUSIVE. From SQLPlus: alter system set REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE = 'EXCLUSIVE' scope = spfile; OR alter system set REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE = 'NONE' scope = spfile; The above SQLPlus command will set the parameter to take effect at next system startup. Restrict ownership and permissions on the Oracle password file to exclude world (Unix) or everyone (Windows). More information regarding the ORAPWD file and the REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE parameter, can be found here: https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/ADMIN/dba.htm#ADMIN12478

Fix Text (F-21543r533039_fix)

Disable use of the REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE where remote administration is not authorized by specifying a value of NONE.

If authorized, restrict use of a password file to exclusive use by each database by specifying a value of EXCLUSIVE.

From SQL*Plus:

alter system set REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE = 'EXCLUSIVE' scope = spfile;

OR

alter system set REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE = 'NONE' scope = spfile;

The above SQL*Plus command will set the parameter to take effect at next system startup.

Restrict ownership and permissions on the Oracle password file to exclude world (Unix) or everyone (Windows).

More information regarding the ORAPWD file and the REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE parameter, can be found here:
https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/ADMIN/dba.htm#ADMIN12478